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Friday, July 20, 2018

The Japanese Chin: A Very Old Oriental Breed

The Japanese Chin is a very old Oriental breed who was
considered by many to be of royalty. They originally lived with
the Chinese Aristocracy and eventually lived at the Imperial
Palace. It is believed that the Chinese so admired these dogs
that the Chinese Emperor gave a pair to the Emperor of Japan. In
Japan the Japanese Chin was kept by the Noble who used them as
gifts to very special people.

Alexandra of Denmark by Sir (Samuel) Luke Fildes In the 1800's Commodore Perry visited Japan. While he was there he was
given several Japanese Chins. He gave a pair to Queen Victoria,
Admiral Perry’s daughter and to the President. This was the
introduction of the Japanese Chin to England and North America.
The Japanese Chin had been known as the Japanese Spaniel until
1977. In 1977, the name of the breed was officially changed to
the Japanese Chin.

The Japanese Chin is a dainty little toy breed with a
distinctive oriental expression. I am so amazed at how the
Oriental people created these dogs with this type of expression.
The Chin is a regal
little dog who displays himself in a very proud aristocratic
manner. He stands about 8 to 11 inches at the shoulder and
weighs between 4 and 11 pounds.

Interesting to note about the Japanese Chin is that he uses his
paws to wash his face like a cat.

The Japanese Chin like other Oriental breeds is a fairly healthy
dog with a life expectancy of 12 to 14 years. However, as with
all dog breeds, small or large, there are a few diseases to
watch out for especially in the Japanese Chin. They are:

• Heart disease;
• Dyspnea;
• Dislocated knees.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by dilation or
enlargement of the heart chambers and markedly reduced
contraction. Symptoms to watch out for this disease in the
Japanese Chin are:

• Shortness of breath;
• Coughing;
• Exercise intolerance;
• Collapse;
• Sudden onset of pain and paralysis, usually in the back legs.

The start of these symptoms should alert you that your Japanese
Chin is in need of emergency medical treatment.

Treatment of DCM is usually drug therapy. Administer all advised
veterinary medications. Watch for difficulty in breathing,
increase in coughing, lethargy or sudden inability to use one or
more limbs. Notice the breathing rate when your pet is relaxing.
Regular veterinary visits to monitor the condition are required.


DCM is very common in dogs. The canine disease is acquired in
life, but is influenced by genetic factors still not explained.

Dyspnea is actually respiratory distress. It is labored,
difficult breathing or shortness of breath. The causes of
dyspnea could be any of the following:

• Heart disease or heart failure;
• Lung disease;
• Tumors or cancer in the lung;
• Infection such as pneumonia;
• Trauma;
• Bleeding into the lungs or chest;
• Abnormal fluid accumulation in/or around the lungs.

Brachycephalic breeds such as the Japanese Chin (short faced
breeds) are predisposed to upper airway problems.

Symptoms to watch for:

• Coughing;
• Shortness of breath;
• Difficulty breathing;
• Weight loss;
• Fatigue.

The treatment for dyspnea depends upon the underlying cause.
Treatment may include:

• Hospitalization with administration of oxygen;
• Minimizing stress;
• Draining the fluid that has accumulated around the lungs;
• Diuretics;
• Combination drug therapy.

True Dyspnea is usually an emergency. When you first note your
pet having trouble breathing, note his general activity,
exercise capacity and interest in the family activities. Note
the presence of any coughing or severe fatigue and report these
symptoms to your vet for further a diagnostic evaluation.

Dislocated knees are a condition in which the patella (knee-cap)
no longer glides within its natural groove in the femur.
Dislocated knees can occur as a result of trauma or develop
during the first year of an animal’s life. Congenital or
developmental dislocated knees are more common. It is more
commonly found in small dogs such as poodles, Yorkshire
terriers, Maltese and the Japanese Chin. Traumatic dislocated
knees usually occurs secondary to being hit by a car at any age.


Treatment in low grade cases can be managed with restricted
exercise and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication. More
severe cases can be addressed surgically.

When selecting your Japanese Chin it is wise to ask the breeder
about the history of patella problems in the bloodline.

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